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The American cockroach is the largest species of cockroach commonly found in houses, with adults reaching lengths of up to 1.5 inches or more. Reddish-brown in color with a distinctive yellowish figure-eight pattern on the back of their heads, they are often mistaken for beetles or other insects due to their size and appearance. Females can produce up to 150 offspring per year, contributing to rapid population growth under favorable conditions. Like other cockroaches, they do not develop wings until they reach adulthood, at which point they are capable of gliding short distances.

Commonly referred to as "waterbugs," American cockroaches are frequently found in damp, dark environments such as basements, sewers, crawl spaces, and near water sources like leaky pipes, drains, and puddles. Their preference for moist areas makes them a regular presence in commercial kitchens, bathrooms, and boiler rooms. These cockroaches are nocturnal, hiding during the day and emerging at night to forage for food, often feeding on decaying organic matter, crumbs, and garbage. Their presence can indicate poor sanitation and may pose health risks due to their ability to carry and spread bacteria and pathogens.